Kaen Green Initiatives

2. Provincial System Architecture

The province is structured into three integrated biomass clusters, each designed as a semi-autonomous circular economy node:

Cluster Biomass (t/y) Power Capacity Community Income

Western Cluster 428,855 26.80 MW THB 128.65 million/year

Eastern Cluster 412,958 25.80 MW THB 123.88 million/year

Southern Cluster 612,859 38.30 MW THB 183.85 million/year

Total Province 1,454,672 90.90 MW THB 436.38 million/year

Each cluster consists of:

• 1 biomass power plant

• 1 organic compost plant (500,000 t/y input capacity)

• Biomass warehouses at 30–50 km radii where required

3. Climate and Air-Quality Impact Assessment

(Methodology aligned with IPCC, Thailand GHG T-VER baseline assumptions, and regional PM2.5 emission studies)

Key Technical Assumptions (Conservative):

• Avoided open burning emissions: 1.6 tCO₂e per ton of biomass

• PM2.5 avoided from open burning: 4.5 kg PM2.5 per ton of biomass

• Biomass power displaces fossil grid electricity (Thailand grid factor ≈ 0.55 tCO₂e/MWh)

4. Cluster-Level Impact Results

4.1 Western Cluster (7 Districts)

Biomass utilized: 428,855 t/year
Power generation: 26.80 MW

Environmental Impact:

• GHG reduction:
  ≈ 686,168 tCO₂e per year

• PM2.5 reduction:
  ≈ 1,930 tons per year

Socioeconomic Impact:

• THB 128.65 million/year distributed to farmers, logistics providers, and community enterprises

• Elimination of large-scale burning in mountainous and basin areas with high pollution sensitivity

4.2 Eastern Cluster (7 Districts)

Biomass utilized: 412,958 t/year
Power generation: 25.80 MW

Environmental Impact:

• GHG reduction:
  ≈ 660,733 tCO₂e per year

• PM2.5 reduction:
  ≈ 1,858 tons per year

Socioeconomic Impact:

• THB 123.88 million/year in stable agricultural residue income

• Strategic proximity to Khon Kaen city supports urban air-quality improvements

4.3 Southern Cluster (12 Districts)

Biomass utilized: 612,859 t/year
Power generation: 38.30 MW

Environmental Impact:

• GHG reduction:
  ≈ 980,574 tCO₂e per year

• PM2.5 reduction:
  ≈ 2,758 tons per year

Socioeconomic Impact:

• THB 183.85 million/year in community revenue

• Largest contributor to provincial emission reduction due to high biomass density

5. Aggregate Provincial Impact (Khon Kaen)

Annual Environmental Benefits

• Total GHG reduction:
  ≈ 2.33 million tCO₂e per year

• Total PM2.5 avoided:
  ≈ 6,546 tonnes per year

This reduction is equivalent to:

• Removing ~500,000 passenger vehicles from the road annually

• Eliminating the majority of seasonal agricultural burning sources in the province

6. Organic Composting & Soil Carbon Platform

Each cluster includes a 500,000 t/y organic compost plant, converting lower-grade biomass, fines, and processing residues into:

• Certified organic fertilizer

• Soil carbon enhancement inputs

• Long-term Scope 3 emission reduction tools for agribusiness and industrial off-takers

This enables:

• Reduction of synthetic fertilizer dependency

• Improved soil water retention and yields

• Eligibility for soil carbon and agricultural carbon credits

7. Biomass Warehousing & Logistics Strategy

To minimize transport emissions and farmer costs:

• Warehouses are deployed only where required

• Each warehouse serves a 30–50 km catchment radius

• Acts as:

  • Seasonal buffer storage

  • Quality control node

  • Community-operated logistics hub

This approach ensures capital efficiency while maintaining supply security.

8. Investment Rationale

This Khon Kaen platform is designed for:

• DFIs and climate funds seeking large-scale, measurable impact

• Infrastructure investors targeting stable, long-term cash flows

• Industrial off-takers requiring low-carbon electricity and Scope 3 mitigation

• Public-sector partners addressing PM2.5 and rural inequality

The modular, cluster-based architecture allows:

• Replication across other provinces

• Phased capital deployment

• Integration with digital MRV and carbon-credit monetization platforms